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CONVENTION
REGARDING THE REGIME OF THE STRAITS
(done in Montreux, 1936)1

. . .

Section II
Vessels of War

ARTICLE 15

            Vessels of war in transit through the Straits shall in no circumstances make use of any aircraft which they may be carrying

. . .

SECTION III
Aircraft

ARTICLE 23

            In order to assure the passage of civil aircraft between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, the Turkish Government will indicate the air routes available for this purpose, outside the forbidden zones which may be established in the Straits. Civil aircraft may use these routes provided that they give the Turkish Government, as regards occasional flights, a notification of three days, and as regards flights on regular services, a general notification of the dates of passage.

            The Turkish Government moreover undertake, notwithstanding any remilitarization of the Straits, to furnish the necessary facilities for the safe passage of civil aircraft authorized under the air regulations in force in Turkey to fly across Turkish territory between Europe and Asia. The route which is to be followed in the Straits zone by aircraft which have obtained an authorization shall be indicated from time to time.

. . .

ANNEX II

B. Categories

            (1) Capital Ships are surface vessels of war belonging to one of the two following sub-categories:

                    (a) surface vessels of war, other than aircraft-carriers, auxilliary vessels, or capital ships of sub-category (b), the standard displacement of which exceeds 10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons) or which carry a gun with a calibre exceeding 8 in. (203 mm.);

                    (b) surface vessels of war, other than aircraft-carriers, the standard displacement of which does not exceed 8,000 tons (8,128 metric tons) and which carry a gun with a calibre exceeding 8 in. (203 mm.).

            (2) Aircraft-Carriers are surface vessels of war, whatever their displacement, designed or adapted primarily for the purpose of carrying and operating aircraft at sea. The fitting of a landing-on or flying-off deck on any vessel of war, provided such vessel has not been designed or adapted primarily for the purpose of carrying and operating aircraft at sea, shall not cause any vessel so fitted to be classified in the category of aircraft-carriers.
The category of aircraft-carriers is divided into two sub-categories as follows:

                    (a) vessels fitted with a flight deck, from which aircraft can take off, or on which aircraft can land from the air;

                    (b) vessels not fitted with a flight deck as described in (a) above.

            (3) Light Surface Vessels are surface vessels of war other than aircraft-carriers, minor war vessels or auxiliary vessels, the standard displacement of which exceeds 100 tons (102 metric tons) and does not exceed 10,000 tons (10,160 metric tons), and which do not carry a gun with a calibre exceeding 8 in. (203 mm.).

. . .

C. Over-Age.

            Vessels of the following categories and sub-categories shall be deemed to be ‘over-age’ when the undermentioned number of years have elapsed since completion:

                    (a) Capital ships  ..................................... 26 years

                    (b) Aircraft-carriers  ................................. 20 years

1  The authentic text is French; in force on 9 November 1936. N. Ronzitt, the Law of Naval Warfare: A Collection of Agreements and Document with Commentaries (The Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1988) at 435-467. Back
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